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A student is writing a research paper on the global rise
of the home video game industry during the 1970s and 1980s. The student wants
to know the approximate number of units sold worldwide of the MSX, manufactured
by ASCII Corp. The student finds that the number sold was approximately_______
Orientation of Paired Leaves in Grapevines and Related Species
| Species | Total leaf pairs examined |
Pairs with opposite-side orientation |
Pairs with same-side orientation |
Ratio of opposite- side orientations to same-side orientations (n to 1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vitis labrusca | 383 | 287 | 96 | 2.99 |
| Vitis rupestris | 303 | 201 | 102 | 1.97 |
| Vitis amurensis | 207 | 146 | 61 | 2.39 |
| Vitis × andersonii | 10 | 9 | 1 | 9.00 |
Many plants have leaves
that are larger on one side of their central axis than the other, a phenomenon
known as asymmetrical orientation. University of California, Berkeley biologist
Glen Martinez and colleagues examined several species of grapes and closely
related relatives, which have leaves that grow in pairs, to see if both leaves in a pair tend to be oriented toward the same side (that is, have more tissue on the same side) or not. They found that opposite-side orientations are more common than same-side orientations by ratios as high as ______
Drosophila (fruit flies) have generation times of 10-12
days, so seasonal changes in humidity and other environmental conditions can
drive seasonal fluctuations in chromosome rearrangements in species such as D.
persimilis and D. mediopunctata. Drosophila body size (for which wing centroid
size serves as a proxy measure) correlates with life span. Banu Şebnem Önder
and Cansu Fidan Aksoy measured the wing sizes of members of a D. melanogaster
population in Yeşilöz, Turkey, that were collected monthly between May and
October over three years. Their research suggests that Drosophila collected in
relatively cooler months should tend to have a shorter life span, as is
illustrated by the finding that ______.
A student is researching copper mining. The student
learns that the total amount of copper mined worldwide increased from 10.00
million metric tons in 1995 to 20.60 million metric tons in 2020. Considering a
table with information about four countries, the student notes that the global
increase in mined copper occurred even though_______
Neuroscientist Kiyohito Iigaya and colleagues developed
a computational model to predict how much a person will enjoy a particular work
of art on a scale from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very much). They then recruited
participants to use the same scale to rate several sets of paintings in various
styles and calculated the correlation between the ratings predicted by the
model and those reported by the participants. Assuming participant P6 gave
equal ratings to the abstract and cubist paintings, the data in the graph
indicate the model predicted that_______