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EST English | May 2023 | Literacy I — Preview 0 / 5 answered
1
Intermediate 1

Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

By W. H. Harbaugh et al. WATER.

It is generally held, at least in practice, that any water that stock can be induced to drink is sufficiently pure for their use. This practice occasions  losses that would startle us if statistics were at hand. Water that is impure from the presence of decomposing organic matter is found in wells and ponds in close proximity to manure heaps and cesspools. It is also frequently the cause of diarrhea, dysentery, and many other diseases of stock, while water that is impregnated with different poisons and  filthy in very many instances with specific media of contagion produces death.

(1) Considering first the quantity of water required by the horse, it may be stated that when our animals have access to water continually they never drink to  access. (2) Were the horse subjected to ship voyages or any other circumstances where he must depend upon his attendant for the supply of water, it may be roughly stated that he requires a daily average of about 8 gallons of water  ? (3) If it is upon green feed, less water will be needed than when fed upon dry hay and grain. (4)  This varies somewhat upon the character of his feed.

The time of giving water should be carefully studied.  While rest, the horse should receive it at least three times a day; when at work, more frequently.  The small rule should be to give it in quantities and often. There is a popular fallacy that if a horse is warm he should not be allowed to drink, many asserting that the first swallow of water "founders" the animal or produces colic. This is erroneous. No matter how warm a horse may be, it is always entirely safe to allow him from six to ten swallows of water. If this is given on going into the stable, he should have at once a pound or two of hay and allowed to rest about an hour before feeding. If water is now offered him it will in many cases be refused, or at least he will drink but sparingly. The danger, then, is not in the "first swallow" of water, but is due to the  extreme quantity that the animal will take when warm if he is not restrained.

 It may not be necessary to add hot water,  but we should be careful in placing water troughs about our barns. We should position them in such a way that the sun may shine upon the water during the winter mornings. In this way,  she could get warm. Water, even though it is thus cold, seldom produces serious trouble if the horse has not been deprived for a too great length of time.

 

1.
A
A. NO CHANGE
B
B. loses
C
C. looses
D
D. losess
2
Intermediate 2

Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

By W. H. Harbaugh et al. WATER.

It is generally held, at least in practice, that any water that stock can be induced to drink is sufficiently pure for their use. This practice occasions  losses that would startle us if statistics were at hand. Water that is impure from the presence of decomposing organic matter is found in wells and ponds in close proximity to manure heaps and cesspools. It is also frequently the cause of diarrhea, dysentery, and many other diseases of stock, while water that is impregnated with different poisons and  filthy in very many instances with specific media of contagion produces death.

(1) Considering first the quantity of water required by the horse, it may be stated that when our animals have access to water continually they never drink to  access. (2) Were the horse subjected to ship voyages or any other circumstances where he must depend upon his attendant for the supply of water, it may be roughly stated that he requires a daily average of about 8 gallons of water  ? (3) If it is upon green feed, less water will be needed than when fed upon dry hay and grain. (4)  This varies somewhat upon the character of his feed.

The time of giving water should be carefully studied.  While rest, the horse should receive it at least three times a day; when at work, more frequently.  The small rule should be to give it in quantities and often. There is a popular fallacy that if a horse is warm he should not be allowed to drink, many asserting that the first swallow of water "founders" the animal or produces colic. This is erroneous. No matter how warm a horse may be, it is always entirely safe to allow him from six to ten swallows of water. If this is given on going into the stable, he should have at once a pound or two of hay and allowed to rest about an hour before feeding. If water is now offered him it will in many cases be refused, or at least he will drink but sparingly. The danger, then, is not in the "first swallow" of water, but is due to the  extreme quantity that the animal will take when warm if he is not restrained.

 It may not be necessary to add hot water,  but we should be careful in placing water troughs about our barns. We should position them in such a way that the sun may shine upon the water during the winter mornings. In this way,  she could get warm. Water, even though it is thus cold, seldom produces serious trouble if the horse has not been deprived for a too great length of time.

 

2.
A
A. NO CHANGE
B
B. muddy
C
C. murky
D
D. contaminated
3
Intermediate 3

Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

By W. H. Harbaugh et al. WATER.

It is generally held, at least in practice, that any water that stock can be induced to drink is sufficiently pure for their use. This practice occasions  losses that would startle us if statistics were at hand. Water that is impure from the presence of decomposing organic matter is found in wells and ponds in close proximity to manure heaps and cesspools. It is also frequently the cause of diarrhea, dysentery, and many other diseases of stock, while water that is impregnated with different poisons and  filthy in very many instances with specific media of contagion produces death.

(1) Considering first the quantity of water required by the horse, it may be stated that when our animals have access to water continually they never drink to  access. (2) Were the horse subjected to ship voyages or any other circumstances where he must depend upon his attendant for the supply of water, it may be roughly stated that he requires a daily average of about 8 gallons of water  ? (3) If it is upon green feed, less water will be needed than when fed upon dry hay and grain. (4)  This varies somewhat upon the character of his feed.

The time of giving water should be carefully studied.  While rest, the horse should receive it at least three times a day; when at work, more frequently.  The small rule should be to give it in quantities and often. There is a popular fallacy that if a horse is warm he should not be allowed to drink, many asserting that the first swallow of water "founders" the animal or produces colic. This is erroneous. No matter how warm a horse may be, it is always entirely safe to allow him from six to ten swallows of water. If this is given on going into the stable, he should have at once a pound or two of hay and allowed to rest about an hour before feeding. If water is now offered him it will in many cases be refused, or at least he will drink but sparingly. The danger, then, is not in the "first swallow" of water, but is due to the  extreme quantity that the animal will take when warm if he is not restrained.

 It may not be necessary to add hot water,  but we should be careful in placing water troughs about our barns. We should position them in such a way that the sun may shine upon the water during the winter mornings. In this way,  she could get warm. Water, even though it is thus cold, seldom produces serious trouble if the horse has not been deprived for a too great length of time.

 

3.
A
A. NO CHANGE
B
B. excess
C
C. accessible
D
D. excessible
4
Intermediate 4

Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

By W. H. Harbaugh et al. WATER.

It is generally held, at least in practice, that any water that stock can be induced to drink is sufficiently pure for their use. This practice occasions  losses that would startle us if statistics were at hand. Water that is impure from the presence of decomposing organic matter is found in wells and ponds in close proximity to manure heaps and cesspools. It is also frequently the cause of diarrhea, dysentery, and many other diseases of stock, while water that is impregnated with different poisons and  filthy in very many instances with specific media of contagion produces death.

(1) Considering first the quantity of water required by the horse, it may be stated that when our animals have access to water continually they never drink to  access. (2) Were the horse subjected to ship voyages or any other circumstances where he must depend upon his attendant for the supply of water, it may be roughly stated that he requires a daily average of about 8 gallons of water  ? (3) If it is upon green feed, less water will be needed than when fed upon dry hay and grain. (4)  This varies somewhat upon the character of his feed.

The time of giving water should be carefully studied.  While rest, the horse should receive it at least three times a day; when at work, more frequently.  The small rule should be to give it in quantities and often. There is a popular fallacy that if a horse is warm he should not be allowed to drink, many asserting that the first swallow of water "founders" the animal or produces colic. This is erroneous. No matter how warm a horse may be, it is always entirely safe to allow him from six to ten swallows of water. If this is given on going into the stable, he should have at once a pound or two of hay and allowed to rest about an hour before feeding. If water is now offered him it will in many cases be refused, or at least he will drink but sparingly. The danger, then, is not in the "first swallow" of water, but is due to the  extreme quantity that the animal will take when warm if he is not restrained.

 It may not be necessary to add hot water,  but we should be careful in placing water troughs about our barns. We should position them in such a way that the sun may shine upon the water during the winter mornings. In this way,  she could get warm. Water, even though it is thus cold, seldom produces serious trouble if the horse has not been deprived for a too great length of time.

 

4.
A
A. NO CHANGE
B
B. ;
C
C. .
D
D. !
5
Intermediate 5

Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

By W. H. Harbaugh et al. WATER.

It is generally held, at least in practice, that any water that stock can be induced to drink is sufficiently pure for their use. This practice occasions  losses that would startle us if statistics were at hand. Water that is impure from the presence of decomposing organic matter is found in wells and ponds in close proximity to manure heaps and cesspools. It is also frequently the cause of diarrhea, dysentery, and many other diseases of stock, while water that is impregnated with different poisons and  filthy in very many instances with specific media of contagion produces death.

(1) Considering first the quantity of water required by the horse, it may be stated that when our animals have access to water continually they never drink to  access. (2) Were the horse subjected to ship voyages or any other circumstances where he must depend upon his attendant for the supply of water, it may be roughly stated that he requires a daily average of about 8 gallons of water  ? (3) If it is upon green feed, less water will be needed than when fed upon dry hay and grain. (4)  This varies somewhat upon the character of his feed.

The time of giving water should be carefully studied.  While rest, the horse should receive it at least three times a day; when at work, more frequently.  The small rule should be to give it in quantities and often. There is a popular fallacy that if a horse is warm he should not be allowed to drink, many asserting that the first swallow of water "founders" the animal or produces colic. This is erroneous. No matter how warm a horse may be, it is always entirely safe to allow him from six to ten swallows of water. If this is given on going into the stable, he should have at once a pound or two of hay and allowed to rest about an hour before feeding. If water is now offered him it will in many cases be refused, or at least he will drink but sparingly. The danger, then, is not in the "first swallow" of water, but is due to the  extreme quantity that the animal will take when warm if he is not restrained.

 It may not be necessary to add hot water,  but we should be careful in placing water troughs about our barns. We should position them in such a way that the sun may shine upon the water during the winter mornings. In this way,  she could get warm. Water, even though it is thus cold, seldom produces serious trouble if the horse has not been deprived for a too great length of time.

 

5. To make this paragraph more logical, sentence 4 should be placed
A
A. where it is now.
B
B. before sentence 1.
C
C. before sentence 2.
D
D. before sentence 3.
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